Kulindeleke ukuthi iphrojekthi yensimbi yase-Baowu Australia Hardey yaseShayina iqale kabusha, ngomkhiqizo waminyaka yonke ongamathani ayizigidi ezingu-40!
Ngomhlaka-23 Disemba, “uSuku Lwenkampani” lokuqala lwe-China Baowu Iron and Steel Group. Endaweni yomcimbi, iphrojekthi ye-Hardey iron ore e-Australia eholwa yi-Baowu Resources yenze intuthuko enkulu futhi yaqeda “ukusayinwa kwamafu”. Lokhu kusayinwa kusho ukuthi iphrojekthi ye-iron ore enomkhiqizo waminyaka yonke wamathani ayizigidi ezingu-40 kulindeleke ukuthi iqalwe kabusha, kanti i-China Baowu kulindeleke ukuthi ithole umthombo ozinzile nosezingeni eliphezulu wokungeniswa kwe-iron ore.
Idiphozithi yeHardey iyindawo yokugcina insimbi esezingeni eliphezulu ye-Premium Iron Ore Project (API) yase-Australia, enokuqukethwe kwensimbi engaphezu kuka-60% okungaphezu kwamathani ayizigidi ezingu-150. Iphrojekthi ye-Direct Shipment Iron Ore (DSO) yathuthukiswa yi-Aquila, inkampani engaphansi kwe-Baowu Resources, ngokubambisana nezinye izinkampani ezihlangene, kanye ne-Hancock, umkhiqizi wensimbi wesine ngobukhulu e-Australia. I-China Baowu Iron and Steel Group empeleni inomnikazi wephrojekthi yensimbi esezingeni eliphezulu (API) engu-42.5%, intuthuko yayo ibaluleke kakhulu isu lokuqinisekisa izinsiza zamazwe ngamazwe ze-Baowu iron ore yaseShayina.
Le phrojekthi iyiphrojekthi yesikhathi eside ehilela izimayini, amachweba, kanyeamaphrojekthi kaloliweIzindleko zokuqala zokuthuthukisa ezazihleliwe zaziyi-US$7.4 billion kanye nokukhiqizwa kwaminyaka yonke okwakuhleliwe kwamathani ayizigidi ezingama-40.
NgoMeyi 2014, iBaosteel yayidinga ngokushesha ukuthola izinsizakusebenza ezintsha zensimbi, futhi kanye nomqhubi wesitimela omkhulu kunabo bonke e-Australia, i-Aurizon, bathenga i-Aquila nge-A$1.4 billion, ngaleyo ndlela bathola u-50% wamasheya kuphrojekthi yensimbi yekhwalithi ephezulu yase-Australia (API). Amasheya asele ayephethwe yizinkampani ezinkulu zensimbi zaseNingizimu Korea. I-Pohang Iron and Steel (POSCO) kanye nesikhungo sokutshala imali i-AMCI baphethe.
Ngaleso sikhathi, intengo yensimbi esezingeni elifanele yayiseduze nama-US$103 ngethani. Kodwa izikhathi ezinhle azizinde. Njengoba kwanda abavukuzi abaphambili e-Australia naseBrazil, kanye nokwehla kwesidingo saseShayina, ukutholakala kwensimbi emhlabeni wonke kuyanda, futhi amanani ensimbi “ayehla”.
NgoMeyi 2015, abalingani abafanele njengeBaosteel Group, Pohang Steel, AMCI kanye ne-Aurizon bamemezele ukuthi bazohlehlisa isinqumo sokuthuthukisa iphrojekthi kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-2016.

Ngomhlaka-11 Disemba 2015, intengo yensimbi enezinga lika-62% kanye nendawo eya kuyo eQingdao yafinyelela phansi ngo-$38.30, okuyirekhodi eliphansi kusukela kudatha yesilinganiso sansuku zonke ngoMeyi 2009. Umqhubi wamemezela ngokuqondile ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukumisa lo msebenzi. Umsebenzi wocwaningo lwezocansi ubangelwa izimo zemakethe ezimbi kanye nezimo zokuhlinzekwa kanye nesidingo esikhathini esizayo ezingaqinisekile.
Kuze kube manje, lo msebenzi umisiwe.
Ngokusho kwemibiko yabezindaba bakwamanye amazwe, umkhiqizi wensimbi wesine ngobukhulu e-Australia uHancock kanye ne-joint venture yase-China i-Baowu basayine isivumelwano sokuthumela i-iron ore evela kuphrojekthi yase-Hardey ngesitimela nechweba lase-Roy Hill. Asikho isidingo sokwakha amachweba nezitimela ezintsha, futhi ukuthuthukiswa kwephrojekthi yensimbi yensimbi esezingeni eliphezulu (i-API) yase-Australia nakho kususe isithiyo esikhulu, futhi intuthuko ibekwe ohlwini lwezinto ezizoxoxwa ngazo.
Ngokusho kwemibiko yabezindaba bakwamanye amazwe, insimbi yokuqala yephrojekthi yeHardey kulindeleke ukuthi ithunyelwe ngo-2023. Kodwa-ke, ngokuthuthuka kwamaphrojekthi afana neSimandou Iron Mine, iShayina isivele inezinye izindlela ezishibhile, futhi isikali sayo sokukhiqiza singase sincishiswe manje.
Kodwa noma kunjalo, ukuqala kwephrojekthi yeHardey kuzophinde kuthuthukise izwi leBaowu kanye nochungechunge lwemboni yensimbi yaseShayina, futhi kuthuthukise amakhono okuqinisekisa izinsiza zensimbi zezwe lami.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokuhlanganiswa okuqhubekayo kanye nokuhlela kabusha, iBaowu Group iqhubekile nokucebisa imithombo yensimbi, ikakhulukazi maqondana nemithombo yaphesheya kwezilwandle.
E-Australia, i-Baosteel Group, ngaphambi kokuhlelwa kabusha, yasungula i-Baoruiji Iron Ore Joint Venture ne-Hamersley Iron Ore Co., Ltd. yase-Australia ngo-2002. Lo msebenzi waqala ukusebenza ngo-2004 futhi uzoqala ukusebenza minyaka yonke eminyakeni engama-20 ezayo. Yathumela amathani ayizigidi eziyi-10 e-iron ore ku-Baosteel Group; ngo-2007, i-Baosteel yabambisana nenkampani ye-iron ore yase-Australia i-FMG ukuhlola izinsiza ze-magnetite zase-Glacier Valley ezinamathani ayizigidi eziyi-1; ngo-2009, yathola amasheya angu-15% enkampani yezimayini yase-Australia i-Aquila Resources, Yaba yisabelo sayo sesibili ngobukhulu; ngoJuni 2012, yasungula i-Iron Bridge ne-FMG futhi yahlanganisa izintshisekelo ezimbili zephrojekthi ye-iron ore e-Australia. I-Baosteel Group yayine-88% yamasheya; i-iron ore yephrojekthi ye-Hardey yathengwa ngo-2014…
I-Baowu Group ithole i-Chana Iron Mine, i-Zhongxi Iron Mine kanye nezinye izinsiza e-Australia ngokuthenga i-Sinosteel; yathola i-Maanshan Iron and Steel kanye ne-Wuhan Iron and Steel, futhi yathola i-joint venture ye-Australian Willara Iron Mine, njll.…
E-Afrika, iBaowu Group ihlela ukwakha i-Simandou iron ore (Simandou) eGuinea, e-Afrika. Inani eliphelele le-Simandou iron ore lidlula amathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-10, kanti isilinganiso se-iron ore singu-65%. I-iron ore imbiwe nge-iron ore enkulu kakhulu kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iBaoyu Liberia, inhlangano ehlangene eyasungulwa yiBaosteel Resources (50.1%), iHenan International Cooperation Group (CHICO, 40%) kanye neChina-Africa Development Fund (9.9%), ihlola ukuhlola eLiberia. Izindawo zokugcina insimbi eLiberia zingamathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezi-4 kuya kweziyi-6.5 (okuqukethwe kwensimbi kusuka ku-30% kuya ku-67%). Ingumkhiqizi wesibili ngobukhulu wensimbi e-Afrika kanye nomthengisi ngaphandle. Iseduze neSierra Leone neGuinea, izisekelo ezibalulekile zensimbi e-China phesheya kwezilwandle. Kulindeleke ukuthi ibe esinye isisekelo saphesheya kwezilwandle eChina.
Kungabonakala ukuthi iBaowu Group, ngentuthuko yayo eminyakeni yamuva nje, isivele ibambe isikhundla esibalulekile emncintiswaneni womhlaba wonke wezinsizakusebenza zensimbi futhi isibe ngelinye lamathuba abaluleke kakhulu eShayina okuya emhlabeni jikelele.